Which federal regulations govern aircraft ground operations?

The correct choice is grounded in the fact that FAA regulations are the primary source of federal oversight concerning aircraft operations, including ground operations. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) sets safety standards and operational procedures that all airport ground activities must adhere to. These regulations cover a wide range of topics, including ground handling, safety measures, and the necessary coordination between different airport operations.

Additionally, local airport authority rules complement these FAA regulations to address specific operational needs and safety protocols unique to each airport. This combination ensures that ground operations are not only compliant with overarching federal guidelines but also tailored to the local context, enhancing safety and efficiency at the airport level.

In contrast, the other options refer to regulatory frameworks that may not directly govern aircraft ground operations in the same manner. International aviation laws and safety guidelines typically pertain to cross-border issues rather than ground operations within U.S. jurisdiction. State-level transportation regulations focus more on vehicular traffic and transportation policies within the state, which is separate from grounding aviation operations. Private aircraft operational policies offer rules specific to individual aircraft or operators but do not encompass the federally mandated standards that govern all commercial ground operations.